How much is the classification of thermal insulation materials?
Insulation material refers to a material that can block heat transfer, also known as thermal insulation. Traditional thermal insulation materials, such as glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, etc., new thermal insulation materials, such as aerogel felts, vacuum panels, etc. They are used in building envelopes or in thermal equipment, materials for resistive heat transfer, or material composites, including both insulating and cold insulation materials. Insulation materials on the one hand meet the thermal environment of the building space or thermal equipment, on the other hand also save energy. Therefore, some countries regard thermal insulation materials as the “fifth energy” after coal, oil, natural gas and nuclear energy. Insulation Network Xiaobian today will bring everyone to know the classification of thermal insulation materials.
There are many types of insulation materials, which can be classified according to materials, temperature, shape and structure.
1, material
According to the material, it can be divided into three types: organic thermal insulation material, inorganic thermal insulation material and metal thermal insulation material.
Thermal insulation materials for thermal equipment and pipelines are mostly inorganic insulation materials. These materials are characterized by non-corrosion, non-combustion, and high temperature resistance. For example: asbestos, diatomaceous earth, perlite, fiberglass, foam glass concrete, calcium silicate, and the like.
The cold-preserving materials under the cold are mostly made of organic heat-insulating materials, which have the characteristics of extremely small thermal conductivity, low temperature resistance and flammability. For example: polystyrene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, urethane foam, cork, etc.
2, the use of temperature
According to the temperature limit of the use of thermal insulation materials, it can be divided into high temperature, medium temperature and low temperature insulation materials.
Insulation materials for high temperature, the use temperature can be above 700 °C. Such fibrous materials include aluminum silicate fibers and silicon fibers; porous materials include diatomaceous earth, vermiculite plus asbestos, and heat-resistant adhesives.
Insulation materials for medium temperature, the use temperature is between 100~700 °C. The medium-temperature fibrous materials include aerogel felt, asbestos, slag wool and glass fiber; porous materials include calcium silicate, expanded perlite, vermiculite and foam concrete.
Insulation materials for low temperature use in cold preservation projects with temperatures below 100 °C.
3. Form and structure
According to the shape, it can be divided into four types: porous heat-insulating tear material, fibrous heat-insulating tear material, powder heat insulation and layered heat insulation material.
Porous insulation material is also called foam insulation material, which has the characteristics of light weight, good thermal insulation performance, good elasticity, dimensional stability and poor stability. There are mainly foam plastic, foam glass, foam rubber, calcium silicate, light refractory materials and so on. The fibrous heat insulating material can be classified into organic fibers, inorganic fibers, metal fibers, and composite fibers according to materials. In the industry, it is mainly used as inorganic fiber for insulating tears. The most widely used fibers are asbestos, rock wool, glass wool, aluminum silicate ceramic fiber, crystalline alumina fiber and the like. Powdered thermal insulation materials mainly include diatomaceous earth, expanded perlite and products thereof. These materials are rich in raw materials and inexpensive, and are widely used as high-efficiency thermal insulation materials in construction and thermal equipment.
