Application Methods and Effects of Aerogel in Building Energy Efficiency
1, the application of Aerogel in energy-saving windows and doors
For the current typical building envelope structure, the loss of heat through the doors and windows accounts for about 40% ~ 50% of the total heat loss of the building. With the improvement of people's living environment, the area of the windows and doors should also increase continuously. The application of energy-saving glass Energy-saving of the entire building will play an important role. Aerogel energy-saving glass Relatively fax empty glass, laminated glass and other energy-saving glass has many advantages.
Scientists through the simulation, the vacuum Aerogel glass prepared by replacing the three layers of argon-filled insulating glass installed on the building doors and windows. The simulation example for residential buildings in the Danish climate. Two of them comply with the Danish Thermal Building Standard and the other two with the Danish Energy-Saving Building Standard (energy consumption of houses <15 kW · h / m2 / a). The energy saving performance of the two kinds of glass is compared by calculating the annual heating energy consumption of the house. The average annual energy savings for residential buildings relative to hollow glass Aerogel glass is 1180 kWh / a, about 19%, compared to 700 kWh / a in energy efficient homes, accounting for 34% of total energy consumption. Vacuum Aerogel glass is not only more energy efficient but also has good visual effects.
2, the use of Aerogel in the construction pipeline
Aerogel felt has the advantages of ultra-high thermal insulation and hydrophobicity, it is an ideal pipe insulation material. The following figure is the structure of the Aerogel felt pipe insulation layer, close to the first layer of the pipe for the winding pipe Aerogel insulation blanket for the insulation structure of the main insulation, the outer layer of metal protective layer and straps to provide The mechanical and outdoor wind and sun protection, if the air entanglement multilayer aerogel blanket can be used to improve the insulation bonding lap mode.
Aerogel felt has good flexibility and tensile, compressive strength, construction convenient and quick, while the overall hydrophobicity of Aerogel felt so that it has almost no change in thermal conductivity throughout the life cycle. Compared with the traditional insulation materials, the thermal insulation performance of the Aerogel insulation structure is obviously better than other materials. According to Aspen's estimation, an average of only 2.5 million U.S. dollars per kilometer of high-temperature steam pipe per kilometer can be saved. In the ideal case of retrofitting of building heating pipe insulation materials, So you can save the cost of retrofit inputs.
3, the use of Aerogel plates in the walls and roofs
Traditional wall and roof insulation materials are divided into inorganic materials and organic materials, accounting for 80% of the insulation material market Insulation of polystyrene foam board fire retardant poor, inorganic insulation materials such as rock wool, glass wool and other mostly dense Insulation effect is poor. Aerogel sheets with low thermal conductivity, low density, and high flame retardancy are ideal insulation materials for walls and roofs. The following figure shows the current common Aerogel insulation board, including wall insulation and roof insulation. The structure of the main insulation is Aerogel sheet, the thermal conductivity at room temperature can reach 0.013 W / m · K, almost only one-third of the extruded polystyrene board, is much lower than other building insulation materials, With efficient thermal insulation properties. Aerogel plate can also play the role of sound absorption and noise reduction, the structure can effectively block the noise. This structure uses the aerogels felt and board combustion performance for the A1 level, is completely non-flammable materials, to solve the building insulation and architectural fire can not coexist with the huge conflict. Aerogel mats or panels have a density of less than 200 kg / m3, making construction easy and reducing the weight of the entire building.
4, Aerogel in the paint application
Aerogel powder can be used in coatings, made of insulation with thermal insulation coating, play a supplementary role in insulation. Researchers respectively hollow beads, self-made SiO2 Aerogel as insulation filler, added to the acrylic white exterior paint made of insulation coating, measured by homemade self-testing device measured the thermal insulation SiO2 Aerogel insulation Performance is obviously better than Hollow bead insulation coating. There are researchers with stabilizer Ariso TMRM825 SiO2 Aerogel modified and prepared into a slurry to water-based acrylic resin as a film, with the aid of water-based nano-transparent thermal barrier coating made, the results showed that Glass coating film thickness of 20 ~ 25μm, the coating film has good mechanical properties, visible light transmittance greater than 89%, good transparency, while better thermal insulation. Aerogel coatings can not only be used in the insulation of the external wall, but also can be used in the building wall insulation and building insulation at the top and building insulation at the bottom. The paint was applied to the Zero Carbon Museum and Vanke Laboratory Building at the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, indicating that this paint has outstanding energy-saving effects.
As a concrete additive aerogels can also be used to reduce the thermal conductivity of concrete. Foreign researchers carried out the concrete base material incorporation of different amounts of hydrophobic or hydrophilic SiO2 Aerogel powder, the thermal conductivity of concrete blocks with the content of SiO2 Aerogel powder decreases, but the compressive strength Will be reduced, the shrinkage rate will increase. According to this feature, concrete with SiO2 aerogels can be used for non-load-bearing walls or as cement mortar for bonding agents. With the development of concrete additives, additives can be added to supplement the loss of mechanical properties.